Practice Set 3 | The Age of Industrialisation

Q1. What was one important feature of proto-industrialisation?

A. Production was carried out only in large factories B. Production was organised through merchants and rural households before factories became common C. Machines completely replaced hand labour D. Production was restricted to royal palaces

Q2. Why did merchants move production into the countryside during the proto-industrial period?

A. Guilds controlled all rural workers B. Rural workers were available and merchants could avoid restrictions imposed by urban guilds C. Cities had no consumers D. Governments banned rural production

Q3. Which invention greatly increased the productivity of cotton spinning in Britain?

A. Spinning Jenny B. Steam locomotive C. Telegraph D. Printing press

Q4. Who invented the Spinning Jenny?

A. James Watt B. James Hargreaves C. Richard Arkwright D. James Watt Jr.

Q5. What was a major advantage of the steam engine in industrial production?

A. It provided a new source of mechanical power B. It ended all forms of hand production C. It eliminated the need for coal D. It was used only in agriculture

Q6. Why did hand labour continue to remain important in many industries?

A. Machines were always cheaper than workers B. Machines could not produce delicate and specialised goods easily D. Factories were completely illegal D. Workers refused every type of employment

Q7. Why were seasonal workers important for some industries?

A. Some industries required labour only during particular seasons A. Workers could never migrate C. Machines worked only in summer D. Governments prohibited permanent workers

Q8. Which industry became the leading sector of the first phase of industrialisation in Britain?

A. Cotton textile industry B. Automobile industry C. Electronics industry D. Chemical industry

Q9. Which industry was associated with the production of iron and steel?

A. Heavy industry B. Domestic service C. Food processing only D. Handicraft industry only

Q10. What did the East India Company do to establish control over the Indian textile trade?

A. It encouraged all Indian weavers to sell freely in international markets B. It established political control and regulated the activities of weavers C. It stopped buying Indian textiles D. It abolished all taxes on Indian textiles

Q11. Arrange the following inventions/events in chronological order:

1. Spinning Jenny
2. James Watt improved the steam engine
3. First cotton mill in Bombay
4. First World War

A. 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 B. 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 C. 3 → 1 → 2 → 4 D. 1 → 3 → 2 → 4

Q12. Arrange the following developments in correct chronological order:

1. Industrial Revolution begins in Britain
2. First cotton mill in Bombay
3. Swadeshi movement
4. First World War

A. 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 B. 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 C. 1 → 3 → 2 → 4 D. 3 → 1 → 2 → 4

Q13. Arrange the following developments in the Indian textile industry:

1. Decline of some Indian textile exports
2. Establishment of cotton mills in Bombay
3. Growth of Indian industrialists
4. Expansion of production during the First World War

A. 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 B. 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 C. 3 → 2 → 1 → 4 D. 4 → 3 → 2 → 1

Q14. Match the following inventions with their inventors:

1. Spinning Jenny
2. Steam engine improvements
3. Cotton gin
4. Flying Shuttle

a. James Hargreaves
b. James Watt
c. Eli Whitney
d. John Kay

A. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d B. 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c C. 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b D. 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

Q15. Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

1. Proto-industrialisation
2. Jobber
3. Gomastha
4. Spinning Jenny

a. Machine that increased spinning capacity
b. A person who recruited workers
c. Production before factories became widespread
d. Company-appointed supervisor/agent

A. 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a B. 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c C. 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b D. 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d

Q16. Match the following Indian industrialists with their business activities:

1. J.N. Tata
2. Dwarkanath Tagore
3. Seth Hukumchand
4. Birlas

a. Cotton and other modern industries
b. Early industrial entrepreneur
c. Jute industry
d. Business and industrial expansion

A. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d B. 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b C. 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c D. 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

Q17. Assertion (A): Industrialists often preferred hand labour for certain types of production.

Reason (R): Hand labour was useful for producing goods that required careful finishing and specialised skills.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. C. A is true, but R is false. D. A is false, but R is true.

Q18. Assertion (A): Indian handloom production did not completely disappear during British rule.

Reason (R): Indian weavers adapted to changing markets and produced specialised varieties of cloth.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. C. A is true, but R is false. D. A is false, but R is true.

Q19. Assertion (A): The First World War created new opportunities for Indian industries.

Reason (R): British factories became busy with war production and imports into India declined.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. C. A is true, but R is false. D. A is false, but R is true.

Q20. Assertion (A): Advertisements became an important method of promoting industrial products.

Reason (R): Manufacturers wanted to attract consumers and create demand for their products.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. C. A is true, but R is false. D. A is false, but R is true.

Q21. Why did merchants find it difficult to expand production within European towns?

A. Urban guilds controlled production and restricted entry into trades B. There were no consumers in towns C. Rural workers were unavailable D. Governments had banned all merchants

Q22. Why did industrialists use machines cautiously in many industries?

A. Machines were always illegal B. Labour was often cheaper and machines were not suitable for every product C. Workers refused to use machines everywhere D. Factories did not need production

Q23. What was the main reason for the decline of some Indian textile exports in the nineteenth century?

A. Competition from machine-made British textiles B. Complete disappearance of Indian cotton C. Indian weavers stopped producing cloth voluntarily D. Britain stopped manufacturing textiles

Q24. Why did Indian industrialists begin advertising their products?

A. To create a distinct identity and attract consumers B. To stop all forms of trade C. To reduce the number of customers D. To prevent product sales

Q25. What system of production is described in the passage?

A. Proto-industrial production B. Factory production C. Plantation slavery D. State-controlled production

Q26. Why did merchants organise production in rural areas?

A. To avoid restrictions of urban guilds and obtain rural labour A. To stop production C. To eliminate agriculture D. To reduce the number of workers

Q27. What advantage did rural families receive from this system?

A. They could combine agricultural work with manufacturing B. They were freed from all work C. They became government officials D. They stopped producing agricultural goods

Q28. Why did imports into India decline during the First World War?

A. British factories were busy with war production B. India stopped consuming goods C. Indian factories completely closed D. International trade ended permanently

Q29. What was one effect of the war on Indian factories?

A. They increased production to meet wartime demand A. They completely stopped manufacturing C. They stopped employing workers D. They stopped producing textiles

Q30. Which broader conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

A. Wars can sometimes change patterns of production and create temporary opportunities for industries B. Wars always destroy every industry C. Industrial production is never affected by international events D. Indian industries had no connection with global events

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